When a pathologist examines a specimen without equipment, this process is referred to as?

The process of examining a specimen without the use of any specialized equipment is referred to as a gross examination. During this examination, the pathologist evaluates the specimen's overall appearance, size, shape, and color, which can provide valuable information for diagnosis. This initial evaluation is crucial as it helps the pathologist determine if further microscopic analysis or diagnostics is required.

In contrast, microscopic analysis involves using a microscope to examine tissues at a cellular level. Visual inspection typically refers to a general observation without in-depth examination, while cytological review focuses specifically on the study of individual cells, often from fluids or smears. Gross examination thus occupies a distinct role in pathology, serving as the foundational step before any more detailed studies are performed.