Which condition describes an abnormal increase in white blood cell count?

Leukocytosis is the condition that describes an abnormal increase in white blood cell count. White blood cells (WBCs) are a crucial component of the immune system, playing a vital role in defending the body against infections and foreign substances. The increase in WBCs can occur due to various factors, including infections, inflammation, stress, or bone marrow diseases.

In clinical practice, leukocytosis is often used as a significant marker to help diagnose underlying conditions. For instance, if a patient presents with symptoms of infection, a blood test showing elevated white blood cell counts would support that diagnosis. Therefore, understanding leukocytosis is essential for healthcare professionals in assessing and managing patients effectively.

Other options present different medical conditions: anemia refers to a decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin, thrombocytopenia involves a low platelet count, and leukopenia describes a decreased white blood cell count. These conditions highlight the importance of different blood components and their respective functions within the body.